• Recently multiple receptor agonists have been developed

  2021-12-13

  

  Recently, multiple receptor agonists have been developed to treat type II diabetes (Finan et al., 2013, Finan et al., 2015). We have tested novel dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists that showed good neuroprotective effects that are superior to single GLP-1 analogues (Cao et al., 2016, Jalewa et al., 20

• The novel Ghsr IRES Cre knock in mouse line

  2021-12-13

  

  The novel Ghsr-IRES-Cre knock-in mouse line allowed us to deconstruct the involvement of MBH GHSR-expressing neurons in mediating food intake responses using chemogenetic modulation of their neuronal activity. In our studies, hM4Di DREADD virus injections to inhibit GHSR neurons targeted several nuc

• br Sources of funding This work was supported by grants

  2021-12-13

  

  Sources of funding This work was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (No. MOP-111096) and from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada awarded to Dr. Danielle Jacques. Disclosures Acknowledgments Introduction A large number of epidemiological, hu

• br Hedgehog in chronic liver

  2021-12-10

  

  Hedgehog in chronic liver disease The liver responds to different chronic insults with a highly conserved wound healing response during which different cell types must communicate to reconstruct fully functional, healthy liver parenchyma. The inter-cellular dialogue that orchestrates effective li

• Considering that loss of LAG

  2021-12-10

  

  Considering that loss of LAG-3 SCH772984 HCl results in increased CD4+ T cell homeostatic expansion, and that the ability of a cell to proliferate is tightly coupled to its metabolic profile, we hypothesized that LAG-3 regulates naive CD4+ T cell metabolism. Our results indicate that, indeed, Lag3-

• (±)-Epibatidine The two competitive bivalent GlxI inhib

  2021-12-10

  

  The two competitive bivalent GlxI inhibitors polyBHG2-62 (=1nM) and polyBHG2-54 (=0.3nM) () were designed based on the transition-state analog -(-bromophenyl--hydroxycarbamoyl) glutathione (BHG) by an examination of the X-ray crystal structure of human GlxI in complex with one CHG at each active sit

• Entry into CNS is tightly regulated by highly dynamic

  2021-12-10

  

  Entry into CNS is tightly regulated by highly dynamic barriers, namely, the BBB, the blood-CSF barrier, and the arachnoid epithelium (Abbott et al., 2010; Yasuda et al., 2013). Similar barriers also exist within the CNS including the ependymal barrier as well as the cellular membrane barriers of the

• In teleosts GR is expressed in almost every cell and

  2021-12-10

  

  In teleosts, GR is expressed in almost every cell and regulates genes controlling development, metabolism, and immune response [17,18]. Several teleosts contain two GR genes, GR1 and GR2 [8]. Other groups have found only one GR in some species thus far, such as the Japanese flounder, brown trout, an

• br Ghrelin actions in the

  2021-12-10

  

  Ghrelin actions in the central nervous system Ghrelin induces thymopoeisis GHS-R1a is expressed in immune cells, including thymocytes and T-cells [13]. Infusion of ghrelin increases the number of thymocytes and thymus size in 14-, 20-, and 24-month-old mice, and with decreased thymic adiposity

• First identified in as the second mammalian

  2021-12-10

  

  First identified in 1982 as the second mammalian glutathione peroxidase [23], we and Stockwell's group demonstrated in 2014 that the selenoperoxidase GPX4 is the key upstream regulator of ferroptosis [12], [13]. The role of GPX4 as the main regulator in the ferroptotic process is based on its unique

• The recent identification of new mechanisms for triggering f

  2021-12-10

  

  The recent identification of new mechanisms for triggering ferroptosis, by compounds termed FIN56 and FINO2, provided new insights into regulation of ferroptosis. FINO2 acts through a distinct mechanism: it promotes lipid peroxidation by oxidizing iron and indirectly inactivating GPX4 [180]. FIN56 w

• To date the underlying mechanism of ropivacaine in inducing

  2021-12-10

  

  To date, the underlying mechanism of ropivacaine in inducing neurotoxicity remains unclear. Cell death was intimately involved in local-anesthetic neurotoxicity [6,18]. Two classic signaling pathways triggered cell death: the extrinsic pathway and the intrinsic pathway [12]. Our study demonstrated t

• In general the FDP gene is involved in

  2021-12-10

  

  In general the FDP gene is involved in isoprenoid biosynthesis for normal growth and development of plant species while it is specifically involved in rubber biosynthesis (cis-1,4-polyisoprene units) in Hevea plant. When the HbFDP gene was over-expressed under the control of constitutive promoter in

• br Experimental procedures br Results

  2021-12-10

  

  Experimental procedures Results Discussion The data herein confirm the well documented neuroinflammatory effect of TLR3 activation following systemic administration of the viral mimetic poly I:C and the associated acute sickness response which includes fever, reduced body weight and allodyn

• In a preliminary communication we showed that AT and

  2021-12-10

  

  In a preliminary communication, we showed that AT and ETB receptors colocalize and coimmunoprecipitate in renal proximal tubule cells, and stimulation of the AT receptor increases ETB receptor expression in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats [abstract; Zeng C,, 26:80A, 2003]. We hypothesize that the ETB recept

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