• br Niacin has long been used for the treatment of

  2021-11-10

  

  Niacin () () has long been used for the treatment of lipid disorders and for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in the U.S., as a result of its ability to raise high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Recent mechanistic investigations have shown that niacin may exe

• Thonzonium Bromide br Acknowledgments This publication was s

  2021-11-10

  

  Acknowledgments This publication was supported by NORAD (Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation) under the NORHED-Program, agreement no. ETH-13/0024. MCM works at the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit which receives infrastructure funding from the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) (MC_UU_12

• br Conclusion br Introduction The intracellularly

  2021-11-10

  

  Conclusion Introduction The intracellularly generated metabolite methylglyoxal (MG, 2-oxopropanal) acts as a potent electrophile causing irreparable cellular damage if allowed to build to cytotoxic concentrations [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]. The glyoxalase (Glx) system is an enzyme couple cri

• br Introduction Atherothrombosis is associated with the

  2021-11-10

  

  Introduction Atherothrombosis is associated with the presence of a low-grade, subclinical smoldering inflammatory response [1]. Several inflammatory markers, among them high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) [2], the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [3], fibrinogen concentrations [4], int

• Shikonin represents naphtoquinonic compound isolated from th

  2021-11-10

  

  Shikonin represents naphtoquinonic compound isolated from the Chinese plant Lithospermum erythrorhizon[20]. Shikonin treatment inhibits AKT and ERK signaling pathways and induces apoptosis through FOXO transcription factors and mitochondrial pathway [21], [22]. Recent results suggest inhibition of l

• Acute effects of FZ were not altered in

  2021-11-10

  

  Acute effects of FZ were not altered in GluR-A−/− mice, thus providing a solid basis for comparing the effects of repeated drug administration. In addition, GluR-A subunit deficiency did not affect the basal behavior of saline-treated animals, despite the GluR-A−/− mice having been described as hype

• The SLC A mutations identified in both

  2021-11-10

  

  The SLC45A1 mutations identified in both families appear to be hypomorphic given that they resulted in a reduction but not abolition of intracellular glucose transport by SLC45A1 in our in vitro assay. It is tempting to speculate that recessive mutations causing a more severe dysfunction of the tran

• br A small conductance chloride

  2021-11-10

  

  A small conductance chloride channel (SCC) In addition to the above-described channels, a 5pS SCC has been encountered in electrophysiological recordings. This channel, exhibiting long periods of opening separated by long intervals of closing, showed the same characteristics as the SCC described

• br GJs in the brain br Alterations of GJs in

  2021-11-10

  

  GJs in the brain Alterations of GJs in epilepsy The role of GJ blockers and openers in epilepsy As previously known, GJ-mediated electrical coupling plays a role in the generation of highly synchronous electrical activity. The hypersynchronous neuronal activity is a significant feature of c

• br Secretase modulators a loss of

  2021-11-10

  

  γ-Secretase modulators: a loss of pharmacology? A lack of translation from in vitro to in vivo pharmacology is an unresolved issue among most GSMs. R-flurbiprofen was tested in clinical trials, however, it did not achieve statistical significance on either of its primary endpoints – cognition or

• FFAs are essential nutritional molecules that can

  2021-11-10

  

  FFAs are essential nutritional molecules that can also modulate numerous cellular functions. Fatty ws3 mg derivatives like prostaglandins, leukotrienes lysophosphatidic acid, spinhgosine-1-phosphate and others are well documented to carry out signal transduction via G-protein coupled receptors (GPC

• It raises a question about origin of the sensitivity to

  2021-11-10

  

  It raises a question about origin of the sensitivity to Ca of both FBPase isozymes. Was the ancestral vertebrate FBPase inhibited by calcium similarly to the liver isozyme? And is the high sensitivity of FBP2 a new evolutionary feature of warm-blooded vertebrates? Additionally, since subcellular lo

• Introduction Type diabetes T D has been seriously affecting

  2021-11-10

  

  Introduction Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been seriously affecting the health life of 415 million people and 193 million undiagnosed people [1]. Importantly, this disease was found to cause death at least 1.5 million annually, and has brought about an extensive health concern throughout the world [2,3

• Neuropathic pain NP is a chronic pain caused by lesion

  2021-11-10

  

  Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic pain caused by lesion or disease affecting any part of the nervous system leading to clinical conditions ranging from painful neuropathy to poststroke central pain. Anticonvulsant drugs, Gabapentin and Pregabalin, acting on αδ subunit-containing voltage-dependent c

• In human cancers it has been identified that FOXC

  2021-11-10

  

  In human cancers, it has been identified that FOXC2-AS1 functions as an oncogenic RNA. For instance, in osteosarcoma, FOXC2-AS1 regulates the expression of FOXC2 at the transcription and post-transcription levels to promote doxorubicin resistance by facilitating ABCB1 expression (C.L. Zhang et al.,

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